Heat exchanger



Feb. 19, 1935. w. SANGSTER 1 7 HEAT EXCHANGER Filed Jan. 18, 1953 2Sheets-Sheet l M W/IWESS. v (far; far WM Z BY r /777' fP/VE'YJ;

Feb. 19, 1935. w. SANGSTER 1,991,631

EAT EXCHANGER v Fiie i Jan. 18, 1953 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Feb. 19,1935 i HEAT EXCHANGER a William Sangster, Peterborough, Ontario, Can-1"ada', assignor to The D pany. New York,- N. Jersey Application January eLaval Separator Com- 1., a corporation of N 1933, Serial No. 652,309

4 Claims. (01. 257 483) This invention relates to, a heat exchanger andhas particular reference toa cooler or heater through which flow of aliquid is to take place through a series of tubes located adjacent eachother and preferably parallel to each other. The present-invention hasfor, its object the provision of a heatexchanger involving a plu-.rality or" headers and tubes extending between such headers. Heretoforesuch heat exchangers generally consisted of headers in the form ofcastings provided .with cored passages and open ings into which tubeswere fitted. This construction has disadvantages for several reasonsamong which may be mentioned the fact that considerable accuracy of tubelength was required and the operations of'securely "fastening the tubesin the headers were carried out at relativelyhigh. temperatures andextended over long periods of time so-that warping of the brass orcopper tub-- ing might result. Furthermore, the headers were quite heavywith the result that a heat exchanger having substantial heat exchangearea had an inconvenient weight. y

As contrasted with such arrangements the present invention has as itsobject the provision of a heat exchanger of such construction that itmay be easily assembled out of standard parts, primarily consisting oftubing. Asa result, it is quite cheap because of the useof tubing forthe headers of light weight. Furthermore, assembly can be made at lowertemperatures and in shorter times so that thereis less tendency forwarping of the tubes which are. desirably thin in order that heatexchange may take place most readily.

In heat exchangers .of the old type referred to above provision had tobe made for cleaning in order to avoid the accumulation of sediment inthe headers. For this purpose clean-out plugs were necessary. It is asecondary object of the present invention to provide a construction inwhich the deposition of sediment is prevented and also complete drainingmay take place with the avoidance of possibility of freezing in coldweather when, for example, the heat exchanger takes the form of a coolerfor milk.

Other detailed objects of the invention will become apparent from thefollowing description read in conjunction with the accompanying drawingsin which:

Fig. 1 is a front elevation partly in section of an embodiment oftheinvention consisting specifically of a cooler for milk or the likeprovided of modificawith lateral openings for the reception of tubes 6.These tubes 6] project intothe headers through the openings and are se-'cured therein, for example, by brazing, the 15 joints-being preferablyflooded with solder to in-" sure tightness. As illustratedspecifically'in' the modification shown, each of the tubes 6 has-one endcut off atright angles to its axis as indicated at a and itsoth'er endbeveledas indicated at 10,

the beveled end being truncated as indicated at 12.; By choosingthe'tubing so that the headers have a slightly greater inside diameterthan the external diameter of tubes '6, it will be obvious that thebeveling at 10 will cause the beveled ends of'ithe tubes to lie in-closeproximity to the inner walls of the headers. Briefly; the arrangement issuchi that a tight fitis avoided although it-will be clear that withsuitable beveling a substantially tight fit may be produced. The truncation at 12, in fact, is to prevent a tight fit and permit slightleakage past the beveled ends for the purpose of draining the portionsof headers thereabove, such asat 14, above the end of one tube andbelowthe end of a higher tube. The tubes are preferably of thecross-section illustrated in Fig. 2, having grooves 7 provided. at theirlower sides.

Instead of the arrangement which is illustrated in Fig. 1, it will beobvious that the beveling may take place in other fashions. For example,each tube may be beveled at both ends or alternatively every other tubemay not bebeveled while the intermediate tubes may be beveled at bothends. By either of such arrangements it will be obvious thatcommunication in a, header between pairs of tubes may be prevented,while free communication is provided between the tubes of any of thepairs.

Thus, in Fig. 4, each tube 60 is bevelled atboth 7 ends, so as to allow,or compel, as in the arrange- 'ment of Fig. 1, a freepassage through allthe tubes in series; while in Fig. 5 alternate tubes 61 68.

" will be none collecting in any pockets which might are bevelled atboth ends, while the intermediate tubes 62 are not bevelled at eitherend.

An inlet 16 is provided at the bottom of one of the headers, the .lowerend of which is closed by means of a washer 18 and a plug 20 of solderor the like. The washer is preferably provided to prevent the formationof a pocket below the entrance of the lowermost tube 6. An outlet 22 isprovided at the top of one of the headers.

At the top of the cooler is arranged'a feed trough 24 adapted to receivemilk from a tank which it is discharged through an outlet 39. Thereceiving trough 28 is preferably carried by means of hooks attachedthereto and engaging the inlet 16 and a projection 32 secured to theopposite header. The device may be supported by a bracket engagingbeneath the outlet 22 and a stud or-the like such. 'asindicated at 34. a

By reason of the'fact that the beveled or mitered ends of ,the tubesdonot completely. closeoif the headers by reason of both clearance and,the definite, passages provided by the truncations at 12, it will beseen that there is no chance for the collection of sediment withintheheaders and, furthermore, complete drainage will result when the liquidis, drawn from the cooler so that there freeze in coldweather and damageor block the cooler. I r

' The, simplicity. of the construction results in cheapnes's, theattachment of the tubes 6 to the headers byv brazing and/or solderingmaybe carried out readily and without danger of warping of the tubes sothat both the cooling tubes 6 and the headers maybe produced of thinwalled tubing. As a result, lightness and eficient heat exchange areprovided. While the specific. em-

bodlment disclosed, is a cooler it will be obvious that the constructionis equally applicable to the formationof a heater in which case thefluid would be heated and pass through the series of tubes while heatingfluid Wouldbe guided about suchtubes or the tubes exposed directlyto aflame.

It will be obvious that various changes may. be.

made. in the invention without departing from the spiritithereof as,defined in the following claims.

What I claim and desire to protect-by Lette Patent is:

1. A heat exchanger including tubular header having lateral openingstherein, and tubes joining the headers and communicating through said 5openings with said headers, at least some of said tubes having bevelledends extending into the headers closely adjacent theirinside walls so asto provide a free passage through, all thetubes in series, but spacedtherefrom to provide for are- 10. 1 stricted flow through'the length ofthe header for illustrated at '26 provided with an outlet valve'2'7which milk will flowdownwardly over the Ttube's, being cooled by thecontents thereof and will eventually drip into the receiving trough 28from the removal of sediment.

- 2.=A-heat exchanger including tubular headers havinglateral openingstherein, tubes joining the headers and extending through said openingsinto' 15 the headers, and means for restricting communication withintheheaders between pairs of tubes while providin freev communicationbetween 'members of each pair, said means including bevelled endsofcertain tubes within the headers 20 lying closely adjacent the insidewalls of the headers, .said bevelled ends being spaced from the insidewalls ofthe headers to provide for a. restricted flow through the lengthof each header for the removal of sediment; 25

3. Aheat exchanger including tubular headers having lateral openingstherein, tubes joining the headers and extending through said openings,and

means for. restrictingcommunication within the headers between pairs oftubes while providing 9 free communication between members of each pair,said means including-bevelled.'ends of certain tubes within the headerslying closely adjacent theinside walls of the headers, said -bev-. elledends being spaced-from the inside walls'of the headers to 'providefor arestricted flow throughthe, length of each header, the'spacing beingprovided by the truncation of the bevelledends of the-tubes. a

4. A heat exchanger including having lateral openings therein, and tubes"of slightly less inside diameter than the headers communicating throughsaid openings with said headers, at least some of thetubeends extendinginto the heads andbeing bevelled so that the bevelled ends lie closeproximity to the inner walls ofthe heads and so as to provide a free 1passage. through. all the tubes'in series, the'bevelledends beingtruncatedsoas to providefor'arestricted flow through the length oftheheader-J WILLIAM SANGSTER, 1

tubular headers

